What are the components of the secondary assessment?

The secondary assessment is a critical part of patient evaluation, focusing on identifying conditions that may not be immediately apparent. A thorough head-to-toe examination is essential because it allows the responder to systematically check each body system for signs of injury or illness. This comprehensive approach ensures that nothing is overlooked, which is crucial in emergency situations. Additionally, taking vital signs during the secondary assessment provides important baseline data about the patient's physiological status, helping to detect any changes in their condition.

While other components, such as history of the present illness and past medical history, are important elements of overall patient assessment, they do not encompass the thorough and systematic examination that the secondary assessment aims to achieve. Therefore, the correct answer emphasizes both the comprehensive physical examination and the critical assessment of vital signs, ensuring that the patient receives the best possible care.