What is the first vital sign assessment for a CVA or TIA patient?

In the assessment of a patient suspected of having a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) or transient ischemic attack (TIA), evaluating the blood glucose level and pupils' reaction is crucial as the first vital sign assessment. A patient's blood glucose level is essential because hypoglycemia can mimic stroke symptoms; thus, ruling out low blood sugar is a priority. Additionally, assessing the pupils provides valuable information about neurological function, as abnormal pupil responses can indicate increased intracranial pressure or brain damage.

While heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, temperature, oxygen saturation, and capillary refill are also important vital signs, they are typically assessed after ensuring that blood glucose levels are stable and neurological function is immediately evaluated. This prioritization helps in quickly identifying and differentiating conditions that may present with similar symptoms, ultimately leading to more appropriate and timely treatment.